Deformation patterns of upper Quaternary strata and their relation to active tectonics,Po Basin,Italy     

Alessandro Amorosi  Luigi Bruno  Bruno Campo  Bianca Costagli  Wan Hong  Vincenzo Picotti  Stefano Claudio Vaiani 《Sedimentology》2021,68(1):402-424

Despite increased application of subsurface datasets below the limits of seismic resolution, reconstructing near‐surface deformation of shallow key stratigraphic markers beneath modern alluvial and coastal plains through sediment core analysis has received little attention. Highly resolved stratigraphy of Upper Pleistocene to Holocene (Marine Isotope Stage 5e to Marine Isotope Stage 1) alluvial, deltaic and coastal depositional systems across the southern Po Plain, down to 150 m depth, provides an unambiguous documentation on the deformation of previously flat‐lying strata that goes back in time beyond the limits of morphological, historical and palaeoseismic records. Five prominent key horizons, accurately selected on the basis of their sedimentological characteristics and typified for their fossil content, were used as highly effective stratigraphic markers (M1 to M5) that can be tracked for tens of kilometres across the basin. A facies‐controlled approach tied to a robust chronology (102 radiocarbon dates) reveals considerable deformation of laterally extensive nearshore (M1), continental (M2 and M3) and lagoon (M4 and M5) marker beds originally deposited in a horizontal position (M1, M4 and M5). The areas where antiformal geometries are best observed are remarkably coincident with the axes of buried ramp anticlines, across which new seismic images reveal substantially warped stratal geometries of Lower Pleistocene strata. The striking spatial coincidence of fold crests with the epicentres of historic and instrumental seismicity suggests that deformation of marker beds M1 to M5 might reflect, in part at least, syntectonically generated relief and, thus, active tectonism. Precise identification and lateral tracing of chronologically constrained stratigraphic markers in the ¹⁴C time window through combined sedimentological and palaeoecological data may delineate late Quaternary subsurface stratigraphic architecture at an unprecedented level of detail, outlining cryptic stratal geometries at the sub‐seismic scale. This approach is highly reproducible in tectonically active Quaternary depositional systems and can help to assess patterns of active deformation in the subsurface of modern alluvial and coastal plains worldwide.  相似文献   

下扬子地区幕府山组陆缘海-台地黑色细粒沉积岩系沉积学和孔隙结构特征          下载免费PDF全文

张玉玺  周江羽  陈建文  张银国  张悦  刘甜怡  万雪芳 《地球科学》2021,46(1):186-199

黑色细粒沉积岩系沉积学和孔隙结构研究对于沉积环境恢复、页岩气储层评价和有利储层预测具有重要意义.利用下扬子地区最新完钻的XYZ-1钻井资料,综合钻井岩心、岩石薄片、XRD分析、氩离子-场扫描电镜等手段,开展幕府山组细粒沉积岩系的沉积学和孔隙结构研究.结果表明,幕府山组岩性组成以块状、纹层状深色（碳质）泥岩、浅灰色纹层状泥质灰岩、泥晶灰岩为主,夹泥灰岩、云灰岩、陆屑灰岩和白云岩、安山岩、角砾岩等,以含硅质粘土质混合页岩相和含硅质粘土质页岩相为主,属于下扬子海盆的陆架浅海碳酸盐岩台地-深水海湾-潮坪环境.幕府山组黑色细粒沉积岩孔隙类型多样,有机孔为2~200 nm,面孔率为2.86%~15.90%,孔隙分布较均匀,但总体连通性较差,部分与脆性矿物或粘土矿物共生的有机孔分布不均匀.无机孔以粒内孔、粒间孔、溶蚀孔为主,部分为晶间孔和矿物层间孔.除黄铁矿晶间孔外,大部分无机孔均大于2 μm,最大可达50 μm.细粒沉积岩中的微裂缝广泛发育,构造微裂缝形态复杂,缝宽一般20~500 μm,常常被方解石和石英充填.成岩微裂缝长度一般大10μm,缝宽50~200 nm.幕府山组顶部深水海湾相和底部泥坪-蒸发台地相黑色细粒沉积岩TOC含量为2.66%~21.27%,平均值为6.30%,有机孔、无机孔和微裂缝发育,粘土矿物和脆性矿物含量较高,具备优质页岩气储层发育的有利条件.   相似文献   

普朗斑岩型铜矿床成矿元素多重分形特征及其矿化强度指示     

万丽  刘慧  曾祥健 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(4):1054-1063

成矿元素品位的变化受控于长期地质作用过程,具有较强的非线性特征,定量刻画其变化特征有助于深入理解成矿过程,并为找矿预测提供理论依据。运用多重分形去趋势移动均值（MFDMA） 法,分析云南普朗斑岩型铜矿床4号勘探线钻孔Cu元素品位的多重分形特征及其对矿化强度的指示意义。结果显示：所有钻孔Cu元素品位具有多重分形特征,且不同矿化等级的元素分布存在局部奇异性差异,多重分形强度随矿化强度等级减弱而增加;这些特征指示在钾硅化带—带内侧强矿化钻孔的高品位相对聚集,而带外侧角岩化—青磐岩化带的高品位相对分散;通过数据随机重排技术推测Cu品位多重分形结构奇异性差异是由其分布概率密度和长相关性共同作用引起,后者的作用贡献大于前者。  相似文献   

断陷湖盆浅水三角洲沉积特征:以Muglad盆地Unity凹陷Aradeiba组为例     

范乐元  吴嘉鹏  刁宛  李洋 《地学前缘》2021,28(1):155-166

浅水三角洲是沉积学和油气勘探开发领域的热点,目前研究主要集中在大型坳陷型盆地内,部分学者研究证明在断陷湖盆萎缩期或裂陷初期也存在浅水三角洲沉积,但研究较为薄弱。本文利用岩心、测井、地震以及分析化验资料,对Muglad盆地研究区内Aradeiba组浅水三角洲的沉积有利条件、沉积特征以及垂向演化特征进行了深入剖析,结合湖平面变化、物源供应等情况,建立其沉积演化模式。研究区在Aradeiba期构造相对简单,基底起伏不大,地势宽缓;古气候温暖潮湿,利于母岩区风化作用的进行,物源充足;古水体水浅动荡,具备形成浅水三角洲的有利沉积条件。综合组分、沉积构造、岩心旋回及粒度、录井等多方面资料,分析研究区内发育的浅水三角洲。取心段由多个小型冲刷面或沉积间断面分隔的正韵律叠加而成,每个正韵律下部为中-粗砂岩沉积,发育强水动力沉积构造,顶部则多为杂色泥岩。石英含量很高,分选好,砂岩粒度概率曲线以两段式为主,跳跃总体含量较高,也有一定量的悬浮总体,反映了浅水牵引流的沉积特点。根据Aradeiba组岩心相及测井相特征,研究区内主要为浅水三角洲前缘沉积。延伸远并且多分叉的水下分支河道发育,表现出高幅箱型-高幅钟型-中高幅薄箱型等多种测井相类型;河口坝在测井曲线上呈中高幅漏斗型。Aradeiba组自上而下划分为5个小层,结合测井解释成果、岩心相与测井相特征以及砂岩含量图,对不同小层的垂向沉积特征分析,发现不同小层主体沉积微相发生明显演化。综合湖平面、构造演化等因素,提出Unity凹陷Aradeiba组各小层沉积演化模式。裂陷初期,湖平面上升,第5小层主要为远砂坝、席状砂沉积;随着断裂活动加强,物源充足,浅水三角洲规模增大,第4、第3小层分别主要为水下分支河道、河口坝沉积;第2小层沉积时,湖泊水动力增强,分支河道发生明显席状化;伴随湖平面快速上升,第1小层主要为浅湖相泥岩披覆沉积。以上分析,对于加深Muglad盆地的沉积学认识并拓展油气勘探的领域和范围具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

One‐dimensional consolidation with a threshold gradient: a Stefan problem with rate‐dependent latent heat     

Yang Zhou  Wan‐kui Bu  Meng‐meng Lu 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(16):2825-2832

During the process of one‐dimensional consolidation with a threshold gradient, the seepage front moves downward gradually, and the problem is indicated as a Stefan problem. The novel feature in this Stefan problem is a latent heat that varies inversely with the rate of the moving boundary. An exact solution for the external load that increases in proportion to the square root of time is constructed using the similarity transformation technique. Computational examples concerning the effect of different parameters on the motion of the seepage front are presented. The exact solution provides a worthwhile benchmark for verifying the accuracy of numerical and approximate methods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

论构造地球化学图解的局限性          下载免费PDF全文

万渝生 《岩石矿物学杂志》1988,7(4):318-325

本文从实践和理论两方面讨论了应用构造地球化学图解分辨玄武质岩石产出的大地构造环境这一方法所存在的问题,认为J. A. Pearce等给出的构造地球化学图解,在很大程度上,是一种岩性分辨图解,图解分辨中存在不确定性的根本原因是控制玄武质岩石形成的条件参数与构造环境并不完全存在一一对应的映射关系,应用图解应持谨慎态度。  相似文献   

水库群优化调度函数的人工神经网络方法研究   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17       下载免费PDF全文

胡铁松  万永华 《水科学进展》1995,6(1):53-60

提出了研究水库群优化调度函数的人工神经网络方法,并探讨了神经网络的训练参数、训练方法和训练样本的改变对网络训练和应用效果的影响。实例研究表明,模型及其算法是可行的、有效的。  相似文献   

湖北京山地区寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩成岩作用及孔隙演化     

万静萍  马立祥  杨木壮 《地球科学》1990,(6)

本文通过对京山地区寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩成岩作用和孔隙演化的研究,认为本区寒武—奥陶系普遍经历了海底、大气淡水、埋藏及表生成岩环境,其间发生的成岩作用主要有胶结作用、白云岩化、压实-压溶、溶蚀和破裂作用。在这些成岩作用的改造下,岩石孔隙度从大于20％下降到1.5～5％,其中在中新生代孔隙相对较发育。  相似文献   

磁记录材料的防霉     

刘振沛  万天铮  徐桦 《测绘学院学报》1994,(3)

本文分析了磁记录材料长霉的原因和危害，介绍了防霉的试验过程以及防霉剂的应用效果。  相似文献   

BANDPASS FILTERING ANALYSIS WITH GAUSSIAN WEIGHTING FUNCTION IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL FIELDS          下载免费PDF全文

He Xicheng  Wan Qilin 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1994,8(1):109-116

This paper examines the response of the bandpass filter with Gaussian weighting function to arbitrarytwo-dimensional fields and proposes a new concept of relative response function.Based on the properties of relative re-sponse function,satisfactory weighting parameters C_1 and C_2 are obtained.By studying two cases,the procedure of us-ing structure function curves to choose the maximum response wavelength is formulated.It is shown that bandpass fil-tering offers some improvements to the analysis and forecast of mesoscale weather processes.  相似文献